In this exclusive with Medical Dialogues, Dr. Nandita Mohan discusses a prospective cohort study comparing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with complete axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in breast cancer patients, published article in the Indian Journal of Medical Sciences. Conducted in Iraq, the study evaluated the oncological outcomes and postoperative complications associated with each technique. Results indicated a significantly lower incidence of complications, particularly lymphedema, among patients undergoing SLNB compared to those receiving ALND. Multivariate analysis further revealed that older age, T2 tumor stage, and ALND were linked to higher postoperative complications. The study concludes that SLNB is an effective, less invasive alternative for staging early breast cancer. The Indian Journal of Medical Sciences is published by Scientific Scholar.